1. Give preference to biological pesticides. Bioinsecticides and acaricides commonly used in production include: Bt, abamectin, Liuyangmycin, Huaguangmycin, anthocyanin, rotenone, matrine, veratrine, etc.; fungicides are: Jinggangmycin , kasugamycin, polyoxin, Wuycin, agricultural streptomycin and so on.
2, a reasonable choice of chemical pesticides. The use of highly toxic, highly toxic, high residue, and high grade teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic pesticides and their complex formulations is strictly prohibited. Such as methamidophos, carbofuran, 1605, 3911, omethoate, insecticidal fleas, chlorpyrifos, 666, DDT, methylisophos- phate, aldicarb, methomyl, zinc phosphide, formazan Phosphorus, methyl parathion, parathion, monocrotophos, organic mercury preparations, etc. Choose high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue chemical pesticides. Chemical insecticides and acaricides that are restricted to use include: trichlorfon, phoxim, dichlorvos, chlorpheniramine, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, konjac, shuangmi, nisolon, Provisions such as alfalfa, chlorhexidine, diflubenzuron, diflubenzuron, buprofezin, etc.; bactericidal agents: Bordeaux fluid, DT, chlorpyrifos, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, thiophanate-methyl, dexamethasone, Ethylphosphine, etc.
Second, master the following pesticide use technology
1, the right medicine. On the basis of fully understanding the performance of pesticides and methods of use, according to the types of pests and diseases, select the appropriate pesticide type or dosage form.
2, the appropriate period of medication. According to the law of the occurrence of pests and diseases, strictly control the best period of prevention and treatment, so that timely medication. The disease requires prevention and control at the early stage of disease, control of its disease center, and prevention of its spread and development. Once a large number of diseases occur and spread, it is difficult to control; for insect pests, it is required to “treat early, treat small, and treatâ€, and the pests reach old age. The control effect is poor. Different pesticides have different properties and the control period is not the same. Biological pesticides have a slower effect and should be used 2-3 days ahead of chemical pesticides.
3, scientific medication. It should be noted that alternating use of pesticides with different mechanisms of action can not be monotonous for a long period of time to prevent pathogens or insects from developing resistance, which will help maintain the control effect and useful life of pharmaceuticals. In the early stage of vegetable growth, high-efficiency and low-toxicity chemical pesticides and biopesticides are mixed or used alternately. In the later growth stage, biological pesticides are the main components. Use pesticides should promote low-volume spray method.
4, choose the right spray point or part. According to the occurrence characteristics of different pests and diseases in different periods, the different parts of the plant were used as targets for targeted pesticide application. To achieve timely control of pests and diseases, reduce pathogens and reduce the number of insects to reduce the use of drugs. For example, the occurrence of Downy Mildew is started from the bottom of the leaf, and the focus of the early control of Downy mildew is on the lower leaves, which can reduce the upper leaf disease. Aphids, whiteflies and other pests inhabit the back of young leaves. Therefore, spraying must be uniform and the nozzles should be upward, focusing on the back of the spray.
5, a reasonable mix of agents. The use of mixed methods to achieve a single application of pesticide control hazards. However, pesticides must be blended in order to maintain the original active ingredients or synergistic effects, without increasing the toxicity to humans and animals and having good physical properties. General neutral pesticides can be mixed; neutral pesticides and acidic pesticides can be mixed; acidic pesticides can be mixed; alkaline pesticides can not be mixed with other pesticides; microbial pesticides can not be the same as fungicides and strong absorption of pesticides Mixed use.
6. The pesticide safety interval must be strictly implemented according to the deadline. The safety interval of pyrethroid pesticides was 5-7 days, that of organophosphorus pesticides was 7-14 days, chlorothalonil, zearazinc, carbendazim in fungicides was more than 14 days, and the rest was 7-10 days. Pesticide compounders perform the safety interval in which the most effective active ingredient remains.
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