Frequently, farmers' friends and related personnel are inquired. Is fertilizer toxic? Why are no pollution-free agricultural products restricted or allowed to use chemical fertilizers? If you do not use chemical fertilizers, you will lose production. What do we eat? It is hoped that through discussion, we can have a correct understanding of the relationship between the production of pollution-free agricultural products and rational use of chemical fertilizers.
Nitrate nitrogen is an effective nutrient for crops. Why should green foods be prohibited from using nitrate-nitrogen fertilizers?
Analysis: From the perspective of scientific fertilization, the production of green foods should not be a ban on nitrate-nitrogen fertilizers, and banning is a misunderstanding in understanding. Because nitrate nitrogen is the same as ammonium nitrogen, it is a nutrient that can be easily absorbed and utilized by crops. It is also present in the soil and can be transformed into one another. Dry soils mainly exist as nitrate nitrogen, and paddy fields mainly exist as ammonium nitrogen. Production practices and scientific experiments have proved that vegetables and tobacco are nitric acid-nitrogen crops, and the appropriate application of nitrate-nitrogen fertilizers in dryland corn and early spring cold crops is beneficial and harmless. The high nitrate content in plants is mainly caused by excessive or partial application of nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient light. Nitrate-nitrogen as long as the amount of appropriate, combined with different nutrients and applications, will generally not result in excessive nitrate content of crop products; on the contrary, even organic fertilizer, if the nitrogen content is too high, the application amount is too large, it will lead to product nitrate Excessive levels and groundwater contamination. However, from the perspective of pollution-free commodities, green food is a production contract product, that is, producers must select appropriate production environment in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, adopt the agreed production regulations and food processing methods. This is not only to ensure the safety and quality of food, but also to reflect the integrity of commodities.
Based on the above two points, it is recommended that relevant national departments make appropriate amendments to the regulations that prohibit the use of nitrate-based nitrogen in the production of green foods. However, before the changes, producers still have to do according to the original regulations.
Since chemical fertilizers have the same effect as organic fertilizers as long as they are reasonably applied, why can't they apply chemical fertilizers when producing organic foods?
Analysis: Fertilizers supply crops with effective nutrients instead of pesticides. When crops absorb nutrients from the soil, they cannot distinguish whether these nutrients are derived from soil or fertilizers. It is organic fertilizers or chemical fertilizers. The key is whether the application is reasonable. As long as the amount of fertilization is appropriate and the ratio of nutrient is reasonable, both the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer can obtain safe and high-quality agricultural products. This has been proved by a large number of production practices. The main difference between organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers is that organic fertilizers have a full range of nutrients, natural and reasonable nutrients, slow release, generally do not lead to imbalance in nutrient supply, and they have the effect of improving soil fertility. Fertilizers have a single nutrient and a relatively rapid fertilizer effect. It is difficult for the producer to completely control the amount of nutrients, the ratio and release rate of the nutrient, and it is easy to cause product quality degradation and environmental pollution due to excessive fertilization or unbalanced nutrient supply. Therefore, organic food regulations only allow the application of organic fertilizers, and it is reasonable to prohibit the use of chemical fertilizers. The production of organic foods (including AA-grade green foods) and banned fertilizers not only help ensure food quality and safety, but also fulfill the requirements of commodity contracts and respect for the reputation of commodities. Producers should strictly implement them.
Why do rational fertilizer applications contribute to environmental protection?
Analysis: Regardless of organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer, as long as reasonable application can contribute to environmental protection. Fertilizer's contribution is mainly reflected in: fertilization can promote green plants, absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, release oxygen, inhibit climate warming, and improve air quality. According to estimates, an average of 7.5 kilograms of grain per kilogram of chemical fertilizer can be produced. After deducting the carbon dioxide released from the production of these chemical fertilizers and the oxygen consumed, it can still fix 22 kilograms of carbon dioxide and release 16 kilograms of oxygen. Fertilization can promote crop root growth and increase plant cover on the ground, thereby reducing soil erosion. This not only maintains the fertility of the soil but also reduces the pollution of water sources, especially surface water. Fertilization can increase soil organic matter content and buffer and degrade the heavy metal pollution. However, if the fertilization is unreasonable, including over-fertilization, imbalance in nutrient supply, improper application methods, etc., it will reduce the use of fertilizer, cause waste of resources and environmental pollution.
How do you view the regulations that restrict or prohibit the use of chemical fertilizers in the production of pollution-free food in China?
Analysis: The relevant laws and regulations for pollution-free food and green food are formulated by China, and are developed under the conditions of rapid development of agricultural production, people's demands for food quality, safety, and demand for high-grade foods, as well as sustainable development. Agriculture and adapt to the needs of the international market. Therefore, when formulating relevant laws and regulations, on the one hand, we must be in line with international standards and be forward-looking. On the other hand, it is a more important aspect. We must proceed from the national conditions and develop without preconditions of ensuring national food security and satisfying the needs of the majority of the people. Pollution agriculture. Under current conditions, at home and abroad, especially in China, organic foods and green AA grade foods can only serve a small number of people due to the dual constraints of capacity and price, and the current soil and environmental conditions of most farmland and the production of farmers. There is also a considerable distance between the technical level and the requirements of organic agriculture. Therefore, it is suggested that in formulating or revising laws and regulations in the future, special emphasis should be placed on the importance of rational use of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. This tells farmers and consumers that the decline in product quality and environmental pollution are the result of unreasonable fertilization, and improper use of organic fertilizers. It will bring about food safety and environmental pollution problems. In addition to producing a small number of special commodities such as organic foods and green AA grade foods, it is necessary to guide and encourage farmers to use chemical fertilizers rationally rather than limiting the use of chemical fertilizers.
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